DESCRIBING POSITIONS AND LOCATIONS

on

1.
介词 If someone or something is on a surface or object, the surface or object is immediately below them and is supporting their weight. (表示接触、支撑) 在…上
例：

He is sitting beside her on the sofa.

他正挨着她坐在沙发上。

例：

On top of the cupboards are straw baskets.

橱柜顶上是几个草篮子。
2.
介词 If something is on a surface or object, it is stuck to it or attached to it. (表示粘贴、附着) 在…上
例：

I stared at the peeling paint on the ceiling.

我盯着天花板上剥落的油漆。

例：

The clock on the wall showed one minute to twelve.

墙上的钟显示11：59。
3.
副词 On is also an adverb. 在…上
例：

I know how to sew a button on.

我知道怎么缝上扣子。
4.
介词 If you put, throw, or drop something on a surface, you move it or drop it so that it is then supported by the surface. (表示方向) 到…上
例：

He got his winter jacket from the wardrobe and dropped it on the sofa.

他从衣柜里拿出冬天的夹克，把它扔到沙发上。
5.
介词 You use on to say what part of your body is supporting your weight. 倚在 (身体某部位) 之上
例：

He continued to lie on his back and look at clouds.

他继续仰面朝天躺着，看着云彩。

例：

He raised himself on his elbows, squinting into the sun.

他用双肘撑起身体，眯起眼睛看着太阳。
6.
介词 You use on to say that someone or something touches a part of a person's body. 与 (身体某部位) 接触
例：

He leaned down and kissed her lightly on the mouth.

他斜下身子，轻轻地吻了她的嘴。
7.
介词 If someone has a particular expression on their face, their face has that expression. (表情) 在 (脸) 上
例：

The maid looked at him, a nervous smile on her face.

侍女看着他，脸上带着紧张的微笑。
8.
副词 When you put a piece of clothing on, you place it over part of your body in order to wear it. If you have it on, you are wearing it. (穿) 上; (戴) 上
例：

He put his coat on while she opened the front door.

她打开前门时，他穿上了他的外套。
9.
介词 You can say that you have something on you if you are carrying it in your pocket or in a purse. 带在…身上
例：

I didn't have any money on me.

我身上一点儿钱也没带。
10.
介词 If someone's eyes are on you, they are looking or staring at you. (视线) 在…上
例：

Everyone's eyes were fixed on him.

大家的目光都锁定在他身上。
11.
介词 If you hurt yourself on something, you accidentally hit a part of your body against it and that thing causes damage to you. (身体某部位碰撞) 到某物上
例：

Mr. Pendle hit his head on a wall as he fell.

彭德尔先生摔倒时，头撞到了墙上。
12.
介词 If you are on an area of land, you are there. 在 (区域) 上
例：

He was able to spend only a few days on the island.

他只能在这个岛上待几天。

例：

You lived on the farm until you came back to America?

回美国之前你一直住在农场？
13.
介词 If something is situated on a place such as a road or coast, it forms part of it or is by the side of it. (坐落) 在…上; 在…旁
例：

Bergdorf Goodman has opened a men's shop on Fifth Avenue.

伯格多夫·古德曼在第五大道上开了一家男装店。

例：

The hotel is on the coast.

那家宾馆在海边。
14.
介词 If you get on a bus, train, or plane, you go into it in order to travel somewhere. If you are on it, you are travelling in it. 在 (交通工具) 上
例：

We waited till twelve and we finally got on the plane.

我们一直等到12点，终于登上了飞机。
15.
副词 On is also an adverb. (登) 上
例：

He showed his ticket to the conductor and got on.

他向乘务员出示了车票，就上了车。
16.
介词 If there is something on a piece of paper, it has been written or printed there. (写或印) 在…上
例：

The writing on the back of the card was cramped but scrupulously neat.

卡片背面的字迹密密麻麻，但却工整干净。
17.
介词 If something is on a list, it is included in it. 在 (名单) 上
例：

I've seen your name on the list of deportees.

我已经在被驱逐出境人员名单上见到你的名字了。

TALKING ABOUT HOW OR WHEN SOMETHING HAPPENS

on

1.
介词 You use on to introduce the method, principle, or system which is used to do something. 以…方式
例：

...a television that we bought on credit two months ago.

…我们两个月前以赊购的方式买的一台电视机。

例：

They want all groups to be treated on an equal basis.

他们希望所有的族群都能以一种平等的原则受到对待。
2.
介词 If something is done on an instrument or a machine, it is done using that instrument or machine. 借助 (仪器或机械)
例：

...songs that I could just sit down and play on the piano.

…我一坐下来就可以用钢琴弹奏的歌曲。
3.
介词 If information is, for example, on tape or on computer, that is the way that it is stored. (储存) 在…上
例：

We've got her statement on tape.

我们已经把她的陈述录在磁带上了。
4.
介词 If something is being broadcast, you can say that it is on the radio or television. 通过 (广播、电视) 播出
例：

Every sporting event on television and satellite over the next seven days is listed.

未来7天通过电视和卫星转播的每个体育赛事均已列出。
5.
形容词 On is also an adjective. 播出的
例：

...teenagers complaining there's nothing good on.

…抱怨没什么好节目播出的青少年。
6.
形容词 When an activity is taking place, you can say that it is on. 正在发生的
例：

There's an exciting match on at Wimbledon right now.

有一场精彩的比赛此刻正在温布尔顿正进行着。
7.
副词 You use on in expressions such as "have a lot going on" and "not have very much on" to indicate how busy someone is. 用在(have a lot going on)和(not have very much on)中，表示忙碌
例：

I have a lot on in the next week.

下星期我会非常地忙。
8.
介词 You use on to introduce an activity that someone is doing, particularly travelling. 在从事 (旅行等活动) 中
例：

I've always wanted to go on a cruise.

我一直想去乘船旅游。

例：

We're going on a trip next month.

我们下个月要去旅行。
9.
介词 You can indicate when something happens by saying that it happens on a particular day, date, or part of the week. 在 (某日)
例：

This year's event will take place on June 19th, a week earlier than usual.

今年的比赛将在6月19日进行，比往常提前一个星期。

例：

I was born on Christmas Day.

我出生在圣诞节。

例：

The motorway is often lined with cars on the weekend.

这条公路在周末常排满了汽车。
10.
介词 You use on when mentioning an event that was followed by another one. 在…之后
例：

She waited in her hotel to welcome her children on their arrival from Vancouver.

她在旅馆等着迎接将从温哥华回来的孩子们。
11.
副词 You use on to say that someone is continuing to do something. (继续) 下去
例：

They walked on in silence for a while.

他们默默地继续走了一会儿。

例：

We worked on into the night.

我们一直工作到夜里。
12.
副词 You use on in expressions such as from now on and from then on to indicate that something starts to happen at the time mentioned and continues to happen afterward. (从某时) 起
例：

Perhaps it would be best not to see much of you from now on.

或许从现在开始最好少和你见面。

例：

We can expect trouble from this moment on.

从此时开始，我们可能会有麻烦。
13.
副词 You often use on after the adverbs "early," "late," "far," and their comparative forms, especially at the beginning or end of a sentence, or before a preposition. 常用在副词(early)，(late)，(far)及其比较级后，尤置于句子开头、结尾或介词后
例：

The market square is a riot of colour and animation from early on in the morning.

这个集市广场从一大早就色彩缤纷，生机勃勃。

例：

Later on I learned how to read music.

后来我学会了识谱。

OTHER USES

on

1.
介词 Books, discussions, or ideas on a particular subject are concerned with that subject. 关于
例：

They offer free counselling on legal matters.

他们提供有关法律事务的免费咨询。

例：

He declined to give any information on the presidential election.

他拒绝透露有关总统选举的任何信息。
2.
副词 When something such as a machine or an electric light is on, it is functioning or in use. When you switch it on, it starts functioning. (机器、电器等) 工作着
例：

The light was on and the door was open.

灯亮着，门开着。

例：

The heating's been turned off. I've turned it on again.

暖气已经被关掉了，我已经又把它打开了。
3.
介词 If you are on a committee or council, you are a member of it. 是…的成员
例：

Claire and Alita were on the organizing committee.

克莱尔和阿利塔都曾是组委会成员。
4.
介词 Someone who is on a drug takes it regularly. 定期服用
例：

She was on antibiotics for an eye infection that wouldn't go away.

她为持续不愈的眼部感染定期服用抗生素。
5.
介词 If you live on a particular kind of food, you eat it. If a machine runs on a particular kind of power or fuel, it uses it in order to function. 靠 (某食物为生); 用 (某动力运转)
例：

The caterpillars feed on a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.

毛虫以各种树木、灌木丛和植物为食。

例：

He lived on a diet of water and canned fish.

他靠水和罐头鱼为生。
6.
介词 If you are on a particular income, that is the income that you have. 拥有 (某程度收入)
例：

...young people who are unemployed or on low wages.

…失业或低收入的年轻人。

例：

He's on three hundred a week.

他每周有300元的收入。
7.
介词 Taxes or profits that are obtained from something are referred to as taxes or profits on it. 从某事物中获得 (税收或利润)
例：

...a general strike to protest a tax on food and medicine.

…一次抗议对食物和药品征税的大罢工。
8.
介词 When you buy something or pay for something, you spend money on it. 为某事物 (花钱)
例：

I resolved not to waste money on a hotel.

我决定不因住旅馆浪费钱。

例：

He spent more on feeding the dog than he spent on feeding himself.

他养狗花的钱比养自己花的钱还多。
9.
介词 When you spend time or energy on a particular activity, you spend time or energy doing it. 在…方面 (花时间或精力)
例：

People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.

人们抱怨孩子怎么花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。

例：

You all know why I am here, so I won't waste time on preliminaries.

你们都知道我为什么来这儿，因此我就不浪费时间作介绍了。

PHRASES

on /ɒn/

1.
习语 If you say that something happens on and on, you mean that it continues to happen for a very long time. 不停地
例：

...designers, builders, fitters – the list goes on and on.

…设计师，建筑工，装配工–名单长得没完没了。

例：

Lobell drove on and on through the dense and blowing snow.

洛贝尔迎着浓密、纷飞的雪花不停地开车。
2.
习语 If you say that something is not on or is just not on, you mean that it is unacceptable or impossible. 不被接受的; 不可能的
3.
on behalf of →see behalf
4.
on and off →see off
5.
and so on →see so
6.
on top of →see top